Every day, we make choices that can influence our health. A cancer biologist customer recently shared this study with me, and I wanted to share it with you and provide helpful information to empower you! "Reduction of daily-use parabens and phthalates reverses accumulation of cancer-associated phenotypes within disease-free breast tissue of study subjects." Shanaz H Dairkee et al.Chemosphere. 2023.
The study involved female volunteers who discontinued using beauty and personal care products containing harmful chemicals like parabens and phthalates for 28 days!
The findings revealed a remarkable reversal of cancer-associated gene expressions in their breast tissue, suggesting that reducing exposure to these xenoestrogens could positively influence breast cell health.
Specifically, the study demonstrated that the subjects experienced significant changes in their breast cells, turning off specific genes linked to breast cancer.
By switching to paraben- and phthalate-free products, we can potentially reduce the risk of breast cancer and promote overall well-being.
This aligns perfectly with my mission with Luxe Beauty and how we emphasize the importance of using products that support our wellness.
Parabens are supposed to be listed on the ingredients by their name, which usually ends in "-paraben." Some common parabens include:
Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Isopropylparaben.
However, phthalates aren't always listed in the ingredients or disclosed in a product, so I want to empower you to be a phthalates detective. I want you empowered so you can avoid phthalates and keep you and your family safe.
Have you ever noticed that the scent of perfume, cologne, fabric softener, and detergent linger? For example, when you walk into an elevator and it stinks like perfume, someone hugs you, and the scent sticks to your hair or clothes and lingers even when they leave the room. That is a sign and a red flag that the product contains phthalates. Natural scents dissipate and aren't long living ( usually don't last more than a couple hours). Now, let's dive into some science and more details about phthalates.
The Hidden Hazard of Phthalates: Detecting Their Presence
Phthalates are a group of chemical compounds widely used in consumer products because they increase materials' flexibility, durability, and longevity. They are found in items ranging from plastic packaging to personal care products, fragrances, and medical devices. Despite their utility, phthalates are associated with a host of health risks, prompting increasing concern among scientists, regulators, and consumers.
Let's examine the science behind how phthalates affect the human body, their presence in everyday products, and practical methods for identifying and reducing exposure.
What Are Phthalates?
Phthalates (pronounced rates) are a family of chemical compounds derived from phthalic acid. They are primarily used as plasticizers, improving the flexibility and durability of plastics like polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Additionally, phthalates serve as solvents in personal care products, adhesives, and paints.
Common Types of Phthalates
Some of the most prevalent phthalates include:
- Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) – Used in plastics, medical devices, and food packaging.
- Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) – Found in nail polishes and cosmetics.
- Diethyl phthalate (DEP) – Common in fragrances and personal care products.
- Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) – Used in vinyl flooring and adhesives.
Health Risks Associated with Phthalates
Phthalates are known endocrine disruptors, meaning they interfere with the hormonal systems of humans and animals. This disruption can have profound consequences, particularly during critical periods of development, such as fetal growth, childhood, and puberty.
1. Hormonal Disruption
Phthalates mimic or block the action of hormones like estrogen and testosterone, leading to imbalances that affect reproductive health. Research shows that exposure to certain phthalates can reduce testosterone levels in males and affect ovarian function in females.
2. Impact on Reproductive Health: Studies have linked phthalate exposure to reduced sperm quality, testicular dysfunction, and menstrual irregularities. In pregnant women, high levels of phthalates are associated with preterm births and low birth weights. (Swan et al., 2015)
3. Developmental and Cognitive Effects
Phthalates may impact brain development. Prenatal exposure has been linked to lower IQ, attention deficits, and behavioral problems in children. Researchers suspect this is due to disruptions in thyroid hormone signaling, which is crucial for brain development. (Whyatt et al., 2012)
4.Obesity and Metabolic Disorders
Phthalates are associated with an increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. They may influence fat cell development and alter how the body metabolizes fats and carbohydrates, potentially leading to weight gain and insulin resistance.
5.Cancer Risk
Some phthalates, particularly DEHP, are classified as possible human carcinogens. Animal studies have demonstrated that prolonged exposure can cause liver and kidney tumors. (National Toxicology Program, 2006)
6.Allergies and Respiratory Issues
Phthalates in air fresheners, vinyl flooring, and other products contribute to indoor air pollution. These chemicals are linked to an increased risk of asthma, allergies, and respiratory symptoms, especially in children. (Bornehag et al., 2004)
Detecting Phthalates in Everyday Products
Detecting phthalates in consumer goods is challenging because manufacturers sometimes must only list them explicitly on labels. However, there are clues and methods to identify their presence:
Sticky and Greasy Residues
Phthalates are often described as "sticky" chemicals. Products that feel oily or sticky to the touch, such as some plastics or vinyl materials, may contain phthalates.
Fragrance Additives
Phthalates are commonly used as solvents to stabilize fragrances in perfumes, air fresheners, and personal care products. If a product lists "fragrance" or "parfum" without specifying the source, it is likely to contain phthalates. If a scent lingers, such as when you walk into an elevator and it stinks like perfume, someone hugs you, and the scent sticks to you, or lingers and doesn't dissipate, that is a red flag that the product contains phthalates.
- Extending Shelf Life: Perfumes and other scented products can degrade over time due to oxidation or evaporation of the volatile compounds. Phthalates act as preservatives, maintaining the fragrance's original character and strength for extended periods.
- Enhancing Performance: In products like air fresheners and scented candles, phthalates release the fragrance slowly and evenly over time, maximizing the sensory experience.
Phthalates are most commonly found in:
- Plastic products, including shower curtains, food containers, and children's toys.
- Personal care items like lotions, shampoos, nail polishes, and perfumes.
- Vinyl flooring and wall coverings.
- Household cleaning products ( fabric softener) and plug in air fresheners.
Reducing Exposure to Phthalates
While complete avoidance may be difficult, there are several strategies to minimize exposure:
1. Choose Phthalate-Free Products
Look for products explicitly labeled "phthalate-free" or "no phthalates".
2. Avoid Synthetic Fragrances
Opt for products labeled "fragrance-free," organic or cold-press essential oils, or food-grade natural flavoring instead of synthetic fragrances.
3. Use Glass or Stainless Steel
Replace plastic containers and wraps with alternatives like glass or stainless steel, especially for storing food or beverages. Avoid microwaving food in plastic containers to reduce the leaching of chemicals.
4. Read Labels Carefully
Products with vague terms like "fragrance" or "parfum" are likely to contain phthalates. Similarly, avoid items made of PVC or vinyl unless they are certified phthalate-free.
5. Improve Indoor Air Quality
Reduce the use of air fresheners, scented candles, frabric softener, and other fragranced household products. Regular ventilation and the use of air purifiers can help reduce airborne phthalates.
6. Monitor Children's Products
Children are particularly vulnerable to phthalate exposure. Look for toys labeled as phthalate-free and avoid soft plastic items that could end up in a child's mouth.
Conclusion
Phthalates are pervasive chemicals with significant health implications. From hormonal disruption and developmental concerns to respiratory issues and cancer risks, the scientific evidence underscores the importance of reducing exposure. Awareness is the first step—by identifying products likely to contain phthalates and adopting safer alternatives, we, as consumers, can protect ourselves and our families from these harmful chemicals.
References:
- Swan et al. (2015) - Demonstrated a correlation between prenatal phthalate exposure and male reproductive anomalies, including decreased anogenital distance (AGD), a marker of feminization in male infants.
- Whyatt et al. (2012) - Found an association between prenatal phthalate exposure and reduced IQ and attention spans in children aged 7 years.
- Bornehag et al. (2004) - showed that phthalate levels in house dust were linked to increased asthma and allergy symptoms in children.
